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Probability Problem: Suppose you roll a fair die two times. Let 𝐴 be the event “THE SUM OF THE THROWS EQUALS 5” and 𝐵 be the event “AT LEAST ONE OF THE THROWS IS A 4”. Solve for the probability that the sum of the throws equals 5, given that at least one of the throws is a 4. That is, solve 𝑃(𝐴|𝐵).

Solution We have A = (1,4), (2,3), (3,2), (4,1) B = (1,4), (2,4), (3,4), (4,4), (5,4), (6,4), (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,5), (4,6) \( P(A|B) = \dfrac {P(A∩B)}{P(B)} \) \( A∩B = (1,4), (4,1) \) The sample space comprises of 6×6 = 36 eventsHence,\( P(A∩B) = \dfrac{2}{36} =...
THEOREM# \( \lim_{\theta\to0} \dfrac{sinθ}{θ} \) = 1

THEOREM# \( \lim_{\theta\to0} \dfrac{sinθ}{θ} \) = 1

We have  \( \lim_{\theta\to0} { \sin\theta \over \theta } \) = 1 Consider the below diagram. We have r = radius of the circle.A = centre of the circle.The sector ⌔ formed by the arc BD subtends an angle θ at the centre. Case 1 : θ > 0 i.e. θ is +ve Let 0 ≤ θ ≤ \(...

Theorem# Limit of tanθ as θ → 0

Proof : We have, lim\(_{θ\to 0} { \dfrac {\mathrm tan \mathrm θ}{ \mathrm θ} }   \) = lim\(_{θ\to 0} { \dfrac {\mathrm \sin \mathrm θ} {\mathrm θ \mathrm \cos\mathrm θ} }   \)      \( \{∵ \tan\theta =  \dfrac...